General Franco's dictatorship (1939–1975) was characterised by repression of pro-democracy and left-wing organisations. In the early decades, the regime's policy of self-sufficiency and the consequences of the war led the country to economic collapse, rationing and poverty. The opening up of the economy, which started in 1959, led to major economic and social changes: foreign capital came into the country; industry diversified; tourism developed; waves of immigration from within Spain occurred; and the consumer society became established. Opposition to the regime, which had started back in 1939, re-organised and drew widespread support. A new generation, that had not lived through the war, joined the pro-democracy movement. Following the death of the dictator, the new democratic Constitution (1978) and the new Statute of Self-Government (1979) signalled the restoration of civil liberties.